Baking-oven.



No. '768,675- PATENTED AUG. 30, 1904..

' P. N. MGGRBARY.

BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23. 1904.

NO MODEL.

EREDEEicK u. MCCEEARY,

Patented August 30, 1904..

PATENTE @Erica t OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BAKING-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 768,675, dated August30, 1904.

Application led January 23, 1904.

To all 10700711. 'it Hwy concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK N. MC-

IREARY, a citizen of the United States, residing' at Erie, in the countyof Erie and. State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Baking-Ovens; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying' drawing's, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in baking-ovens, and particularlyto that class of ovens used for baking` pastry products of various kindsin which it is necessary to consecutively apply intense heat to thebottom and top of the article to be baked, so as to bake the articlethrough without either burning' or unduly drying it during the processof baking' it. I accomplish this result by constructing' an oven withheating-.chambers so arranged relative to the inside of the oven that Ican apply intense vheat alternately at the bottom and top of the articleto be baked and regulate the deg'ree of heat so applied thereto asdesired.

The features of my invention are hereinafter fully described and pointedout, and illustrated in the accompanying' drawing's, in which- Y Fig'urel is a front View. partially in elevation and partially in section, ofmy improved oven. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same on the line a'fu in Fig. I. Fig. 3 is a front View, partially in elevation andpartially in section, of an alternative construction of my improvedoven. Fig. 4t is a cross-section of the same on the line 1/ y in Fig. 3.

In Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, A is the outside shell or case of theoven, the lower side of which rests upon a base B. In the lowei` part ofthis outside shell A, I construct a-heating-cliamber by means of ahorizontal partition or iioor plate c, and within this lowerfire-chamber I place one or more gasburners C of usual and ordinaryconstruction, so that the 'flame therefrom will flow directly againstthe under surface of the Hoor- Serial No. 190,378. (No model.)

plate a, so as to heat it very hot and radiate intense heat upwardlytherefrom. Above the floor-plate a and within the outside shell A of theoven I construct a box-like baking-chamber of smaller size than theoutside shell A,

' so that there will be a heat-spacebetween the ends and back of thebaking-chamber and the ends and back of the outside shell, thisbaking-chamber being' formed by the partitions or walls I) E E and doorG when closed. There is also a heating-chamber between the top plate Fof the baking-chamber and the top plate of the outside shell A, whereinI place one or more gas-burnersH,of usual and ordinary construction, butturned face downward, so that the iame therefrom will flow against theupper surface of the top plate F of the baking-chamber, so as to heat itvery hot and radiate an intense heat downwardly therefrom.

Through the back of the outside shell A, leading into the lower andupper heatingchambers, I construct flues II, which lead into asmoke-flue .I for the purpose of removing from said heating-chambers theproducts of combustion, and through the outside shell A, I makeair-holes z', leading' into the lower part of the heating-chambers, forsupplying air thereto to aid combustion. I also place in saidheating-chambers baffle-plates K for the purpose of retarding' the iiowof the superheated air therein toward the iiues I I.

Upon the inside surface of the end walls EAE of the baking-chamber Isecure supports L for pan-grates, upon which may be supported thecookie-pans, as shown in dotted lines'in Figs. I and 3, at such degreeof proximity to the heated plates c and'F as may be necessary.

The oven-door Gr is secured to the body of the oven by means of ordinaryhinges g at its bottom edge, and by an ordinarylatch g' in its upperedge it is retained in position to close the open side of thebaking-chamber. In Fig'. 2 I show a rest M for holding the door G in ahorizontal position when open. In Fig. l I show ordinary gas-mixers mon, Valves n n., and connection n', leading to a source of gas-supplyfor the burners C C and H H in the heating-chambers of the oven.

IOO

2o Chamber a baflie-plate Kl.

ln Fi gs. 3 and 4i I show an alternative eonstruction enibodyirnSxl myinvention, utilizing but one lire-chamber and having a baking Chamberabove and below it. n these two 5 figures, A is the oven, havingI anopen side which is closed by means of the door G', seeured to the lowerpart of the front of the oven-shell A/ by means of hinges f/ and may beretained in a elosed position by the lateh Within this shell A, lconstruct a heating-Chamber by means of the horizontal partitions orplates a] and FQ and within this heating-chamber l plaee one or moregasburners N of usual and ordinary eonstruetion so arranged that theflame therefrom will 2 5 walls of the baliing-ehambers I seeure pangratesupports L2 .for su pportinl baking-pans at sueh distances from theheating-chamber as may be desired. ln both of the construetions hereinshown l have shown gas-burners asa means of heating` the oven; but l mayuse any other convenient means of heating' the same without materiallyehangmg the eonstruction thereof. ln both constructions lY p providerentsholes p, openingout of the bale 3 5 ing-ellambers to permit of theegress of steam and surplus heat therefrom.

ln operation with the construction shown in Figs. l and 2 a pan ofmaterial, sueh as Cookies, is plaeed upon the floor-plate (t of l 40 thebaking-ehamber and the door Gr Closed until the contents has beensubjected to the necessary amount of baking upon the bottom thereof,when the door is opened and the pan is removed from the bottom plate Land placed upon a pan-grate near'the under surface of the top plate F,where the upper surface of the eookies is baked until done. ln themeantime a pan of fresh material has been placed upon the plate d., andthe operation continues as long, as desired.

l ith the Construction shown in Figs. 3 and el the operation is somewhatreversed, the fre'sh material being first plaeed in the upperbaking-chamber for the bottom bakeand then in the lower baking-chamberfor the top balie.

Having thus fully described my invention, so as to enable others toconstruct and use the same, what l Claim as new, and desire to seeure byLetters Patent of the United States, ism

l. The combination in a baking-oven, of a shell inelosing' abaking-chamber, walls forming heatingchambers, heating,l appliancestherein adapted to heat walls of the bakingehamber so as to radiateintense heat upward and downward therefrom into the bakingehamber, andflues for Conducting1 the produets of Combustion from theheating-chambers and steam from the baking-ehamber, substantially as andforl the purpose set forth.

2. The combination in a baking-oven, of a shell inelosingl an innershell forming' a baking-chamber with fiue-spaees at the back and sidesthereof, walls forming` heating-cham bers in said shell, gas-burners insaid heating-chambers arranged to so heat the upper and lower walls ofthe baking-chamber, as to radiate the heat therefrom downward from theupper wall of the baking-chamber, and upward from the lower wall of thebaking-Chamber, substantially as set forth.

ln testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK N. MCCREARY.

l'l/ritnesses:

H. M. S'rUnenoN, F. J. BAsswrT.

